The liberal act

• Author: N. Craciun/A.C. Manea
• Position: Law Department, Transilvania University of Brasov
• Pages: 197-204

Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov

Series VII: Social Sciences • Law • Vol. 7 (56) No. 2 - 2014

THE LIBERAL ACT

N. CRĂCIUN1 A.C. MANEA1

Abstract: In reference books, according to the number of parties, the civil

legal acts are classified as unilateral, bilateral and multilateral. The

unilateral legal act is the result of the will of only one party. The bilateral

legal act represents the consensus between the two parties. The multilateral

legal act is the result of the agreement of will of three or more parties (for

example, the contracts of association). Note that the classification of civil

legal acts in unilateral and bilateral should not be confused with the

classification of civil contracts in unilateral contracts and bilateral contracts.

Key words: the unilateral act, the bilateral act, the multilateral act, the

contract, obligations.

1 Law Department, Transilvania University of Braşov.

1. Introduction

The unilateral legal act is the result of

the will of only one party.

The category above includes: the will, the

acceptance of inheritance, the termination

of a contract etc.

As the wording or the production of the

effects imposes or not the communication

of the manifestation of will directly to the

consignee of the act, unilateral legal acts

are subclassified in acts subjected to

communication (the supply , the public

promise of reward, the unilateral

withdrawal of mandate etc.) and acts not

subjected to communication (e.g. wills)

[3].

The bilateral legal act represents the

consensus between the two parties.

This category includes the sale, the

exchange, the donation, etc. (contracts).

The multilateral legal act is the result of

the agreement of will of three or more

parties (for example, the contracts of

association).

The category of plurilateral legal acts

also includes the partition convention,

when there are three or more

communicants, the transaction contract

completed by at least three parties, the

contract of game or bet among three or

more parties.

2. The liberal legal act - of unilateral

formation

The liberality is primarily a legal act.

The term "unilateral legal act" is

dedicated and used whenever we refer to a

legal act that expresses the unique will of

its author [1].

According to art. 1324 of the New Civil

Code, "it is unilateral the legal act that

involves only the manifestation of its

author's will."

According to art. 1325 of the New Civil

Code, "If the law does not provide

otherwise, the laws relating to contracts

apply accordingly to unilateral acts."