European Perspectives Approach to Asylum and Migration

• Author: Georgeta Modiga
• Position: Associate Professor, PhD, 'Danubius' University of Galati
• Pages: 174-181

European Integration - Realities and Perspectives

2012

174

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European Perspectives Approach to Asylum and Migration

Georgeta Modiga

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Abstract: Migration is a complex process, with a multinational character that can not be managed only

unilaterally or bilaterally, but through effective management to take into account the benefit of all involved

and changing charac teristics of the migration process. Regarding the European U nion, framed in the general

context, it aims to promote a comprehensive migration policy, to p rovide a coherent and eff icient manner to

meet the challenges and opportunities that migration presents. Multilateral approach under consideration

covers all phases of migration, aiming to seize them and present it at the same time, to implement effective

policies and measures concerning illegal migration and human trafficking. It is based on generally accepted

principles relating to subsidiary, proportionality, solida rity and respect for law and the ec onomic and social.

From this perspective, the present study examines the quantitative aspects of migration as well as qualitative

aspects, with emphasis on the challenges that they face Romania, from the status of EU member country.

Keywords: control of migration; asylum procedures; integration of immigrants

Population decline associated with the decline of qualifications at European level will cause a decrease

in the future working population in Europe. Appears the need of finding solutions to eliminate the

negative effects of population decline. In this context the EU has opened to migrant workers from

third countries. Thus, legal immigration is now seen as a way to balance the working age population

decline in Europe. It is considered however that a controlled migration to the EU space policy is more

beneficial than leaving it up to each Member State Migration. Consequently there was a common

immigration policy at EU level, which shows openness to labour from third countries. Changing

migration policy at EU level is marked by the Communication on Immigration, Integration and Work

Commission in June 2003.

Simultaneously, EU migration policies have focused on four issues to effectively manage the

migration process:

- policies for the regulation and control of migration flows;

- policies to combat illegal migration and employment of foreign workers;

- policies for integrating immigrants;

- policy on international cooperation in migration.

These policies are reflected in EU directives, as well as strategies and programs adopted in the field of

migration. They are based on a coordinated approach to the problem of migration, both as to the legal

and illegal, for the benefit of EU countries, but also of the supplying countries.

Policies and legislation on asylum is a distinct field of European regulations on migration. This should

be first noted the distinction between asylum seeker and other categories of migrants. Thus, while

migrant choose to leave their home country due to economic, social, cultural, family, etc., Asylum

seeker / not received a form of protection (refugee status, subsidiary or temporary protection) is forced

to leave their home country because his life or freedom are threatened.

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Associate Pr ofessor, PhD, “Danubius” University of Galati, 3 Galati Boulevard, 800654 Ga lati, Romania, Tel.:

+40.372.361.102, fax: +40.372.361.290, Corresponding author: georgeta.modiga@univ-danubius.ro.